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@article{188247,
        author = {Dr. Sandeep. S and Dr. Deepanshi},
        title = {Biliary apparatus and its relevance in Laproscopic Cholecystectomy A Review},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {7},
        pages = {1301-1305},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=188247},
        abstract = {The biliary apparatus comprises the intrahepatic ducts, extrahepatic ducts, gallbladder, and associated vascular and neural structures, forming a complex network essential for bile transport and digestion. A clear understanding of its structural and functional anatomy plays a crucial role in the safe performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the current standard surgical treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease. Awareness of variations in the cystic duct, cystic artery, and common bile duct is critical, as these anomalies are among the most common causes of bile duct injury during minimally invasive surgery. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the biliary apparatus with emphasis on surgically relevant anatomy, including Calot’s Triangle, the Critical View of Safety, and the significance of identifying key landmarks before dissection. The physiology of bile formation, concentration, and flow is also reviewed, connecting these concepts to digestion and metabolic balance. In addition, perspectives from Shalya Tantra highlight the long-standing emphasis on precise anatomical knowledge, careful dissection, and atraumatic handling of tissues, reflecting principles described in classical surgical literature. By integrating modern surgical understanding with Ayurvedic surgical philosophy, the article aims to enhance the conceptual clarity of postgraduate scholars and clinicians. The discussion emphasizes the importance of anatomical mastery, surgical safety, and holistic patient care. This synthesis strengthens the relevance of the biliary apparatus in modern operative practices and underscores its significance for improving clinical outcomes in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.},
        keywords = {Biliary Apparatus, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Calot’s Triangle, Shalya Tantra, Surgical Anatomy.},
        month = {December},
        }