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@article{198683,
        author = {Dr. Bhanu Prakash and Dr. Sowmya Ramachandrachar},
        title = {An Explainable Cyber-Forensic Framework for Handwritten Signature Verification Using Behavioural Biometrics, Pressure-Sensitive Acquisition, and Secure Metadata Analysis},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {11},
        pages = {13295-13298},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=198683},
        abstract = {The digitization of handwritten documents has transformed signature forgery into a complex cyber-forensic challenge involving image manipulation, replay attacks, and identity fraud. Conventional verification approaches, including purely visual examination and black-box machine learning models, often lack scalability, transparency, or legal defensibility. This study proposes an explainable cyber-forensic framework that integrates behavioural biometric analysis, pressure-sensitive input devices, and secure document metadata examination for handwritten signature verification. Each decision is explicitly linked to observable forensic features such as writing movement, stroke behaviour, pressure dynamics, and document integrity indicators. By combining explainable cybersecurity techniques with classical forensic document examination principles, the framework enables scalable deployment while preserving interpretability and evidentiary robustness suitable for judicial and regulatory environments.},
        keywords = {Cyber forensics; explainable security; handwritten signature verification; behavioural biometrics; document integrity},
        month = {April},
        }