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@article{185280,
        author = {Dr. Nishit Thakrar},
        title = {AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF RAKTA KSHAYA LAKSHANA IN PANDU},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {5},
        pages = {358-363},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=185280},
        abstract = {Pandu Roga, described in Ayurveda as a disorder of Rasadhatu and Raktadhatu depletion, closely resembles anemia in modern medicine, particularly iron-deficiency anemia. This observational study aimed to examine the Rakta Kshaya Lakshanas in 200 patients and correlate classical Ayurvedic features with hematological parameters. Patients were diagnosed and registered based on classical signs and types of Pandu, and data were systematically recorded, coded, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The study revealed a higher prevalence among middle-aged individuals (41–50 years, 29%) and females (72%), reflecting the cumulative effects of dietary inadequacy, Agnimandya (weakened digestive fire), and reproductive blood loss through menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth. Married women and daily wage laborers constituted the majority, highlighting the role of life-stage and occupational stress as predisposing factors. Low educational status (37% illiterate) and positive family history (58%) were significantly associated with Pandu, suggesting the influence of health literacy, hereditary predisposition, and shared nutritional habits. Habitual factors, including regular tea consumption (51%) and constipation (60.5%), further contributed to impaired Rasa–Rakta formation by inhibiting iron absorption and weakening Agni, respectively. Tongue examination commonly showed Shushka + Khara (34.5%) and Sweta Lipta (30%), while subjective symptoms such as Amla ichha (69%), Shira Saithilya (79.5%), and Rukshta (73.5%) reflected Vata aggravation and Dhatu depletion. Hemoglobin analysis demonstrated that 80% of patients had Hb <11 g/dL, confirming moderate anemia. The study illustrates the principle of karya–karana bhaava, linking etiological factors—nutritional deficiency, excessive physical labor, reproductive blood loss, and lifestyle habits—to the manifestation of Pandu. Integrative interpretation supports a multidimensional management strategy combining Ayurvedic measures (Agni strengthening, Pathya ahara, Rasayana therapy, postnatal care) with modern interventions (iron-folic supplementation, nutritional education, and deworming). These findings reinforce the relevance of classical Ayurvedic diagnostic criteria in identifying anemia and emphasize the importance of addressing both causative factors and clinical manifestations to prevent and manage Pandu effectively.},
        keywords = {Amla sheeshira Preeti, Rakta kshaya, Dhatu-Vaishamya, Anemia, Pandu.},
        month = {October},
        }