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@article{188426,
        author = {Jigyasa Mistry and Nishika Bhure and Nandini Mhasake and Deoyani Thengane and Astha Komalkar and Devansh Nanore},
        title = {BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR EV’s},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {7},
        pages = {1593-1598},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=188426},
        abstract = {A battery management system (BMS) is an essential part of electric vehicles (EVs). It monitors and manages the battery system, or pack, in EVs. This chapter looks at the makeup and typical hardware of BMSs and highlights some of their commercial products. BMSs for EVs have five main hardware functions: acquiring battery parameters,managing battery infor- mation, handling battery thermal management, and controlling battery charge. BMSs can generally be divided into two categories based on the number of cells in a battery system: centralized and distributed.The objective of this project is to describe a real-time BMS implemented using an Arduino Nano as the central control unit. It is designed to monitor and process critical parameters of a battery pack: voltage, current, and temperature. Power is supplied by a Buck Converter that efficiently reduces the 12V input to a regulated 5V. The voltage of the battery is measured using a Voltage Divider Circuit (R1, R2, R3) that scales the high battery voltage for the microcontroller’s analog-to-digital converter. Current flow is monitored by an isolated ACS758 Hall- effect sensor, and the battery temperature is sensed with an NTC Thermistor integrated into a fixed resistor network. These analog inputs are read from the Arduino Nano, which in turn computes the State of Charge using a linear voltage-based approximation between a maximum of 48.4 V and a minimum of 36.0 V and calculates the State of Health based on a capacity-retention model. All real-time data and estimations are presented visually on an OLED Display. The overall design puts the emphasis on a compact size, efficiency, and real-time capability for portable battery monitoring.},
        keywords = {State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), Battery Management System (BMS)},
        month = {December},
        }