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@article{204329,
        author = {GOWTHAM H},
        title = {Discourse of Caste Identity, Social Inequality, Colonial Oppression, and Marginalized Voices: A Humanitarian Perspective on the Works of Mulk Raj Anand, Arundhati Roy and Bama},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {1},
        pages = {1764-1770},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=204329},
        abstract = {This paper examines the representation of caste identity, social inequality, colonial oppression and marginalized experiences in the literary works of Mulk Raj Anand, Arundhati Roy and Bama from a humanitarian perspective. The study investigates Untouchable, Coolie and Two Leaves and a Bud to explore the realities of caste discrimination, poverty, labour exploitation and colonial domination experienced by the oppressed sections of Indian society. Social realism of Anand reveals the inhuman conditions of the marginalized and pleads for dignity, equality and social justice. The paper also discusses The God of Small Things, The Ministry of Utmost Happiness and The End of Imagination with special reference to Roy’s critique of caste hierarchy, political violence, social exclusion and cultural alienation. Her stories focus on the silenced voices of women, minorities and socially neglected communities. Further, the study discusses Karukku, Sangati and Vanmam to demonstrate Dalit consciousness, gender oppression and resistance against caste-based marginalization. Bama’s writings are a powerful articulation of lived experiences of the Dalit communities and highlight self-respect, identity and collective resistance. The paper concludes that these writers employ literature as a formidable tool to contest oppression, reconstruct marginalized identities and project humanitarian values in Indian society.},
        keywords = {Caste Identity, Social Inequality, Colonial Oppression, Humanitarian Perspective, Dalit Consciousness, Marginalization, Resistance, Indian Writing in English, Subaltern Studies, Social Realism},
        month = {June},
        }