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@article{204336,
        author = {Maj D Soune and Maj Jyoti},
        title = {Respiratory Bundle care versus routine care: A comparative respiratory study on postoperative pulmonary outcomes.},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {1},
        pages = {1873-1884},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=204336},
        abstract = {Background: Postoperative respiratory complications (PRCs) remain a significant cause of morbidity among patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. This prospective observational comparative study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of respiratory bundle care versus routine respiratory care in reducing PRCs. A total of 50 patients were divided into two groups: bundle care and routine care. Data were collected using validated tools and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed a significant reduction in complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia, and hypoxemia in the bundle care group (p < 0.05). The study concludes that respiratory bundle care significantly improves postoperative outcomes and should be incorporated into routine nursing practice.

Methods:
A prospective observational comparative study design was adopted for this research. The study was conducted in the acute surgical wards and general surgery ward of a selected tertiary care hospital. A total of 50 adult patients undergoing elective abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia/spinal anesthesia were selected using purposive sampling technique. Patients were divided into two groups based on the type of respiratory care received: the respiratory bundle care group and the routine respiratory care group. Data were collected using structured and validated tools, including a demographic and clinical profile proforma, respiratory care observation checklist, postoperative respiratory complication assessment scale, and hospital outcome record sheet. Baseline data were collected preoperatively, followed by continuous monitoring during the postoperative period until discharge or up to 14 days.
The respiratory bundle included interventions such as preoperative education, incentive spirometry, deep breathing exercises, early mobilization, head-end elevation, and continuous oxygen saturation monitoring. Routine care included standard respiratory practices as per hospital protocol.
Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC), and informed consent was secured from all participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression were applied to determine the association and significance between variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The findings of the study revealed that the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications was significantly lower among patients who received respiratory bundle care compared to those who received routine respiratory care. Common complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia, hypoxemia, and respiratory distress were observed more frequently in the routine care group. The respiratory bundle care group demonstrated improved oxygen saturation levels, better lung expansion, and reduced need for prolonged oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, patients in the bundle care group had a shorter duration of hospital stay and fewer ICU admissions. A statistically significant association was found between the type of respiratory care and postoperative respiratory outcomes (p < 0.05). Patient satisfaction scores were also significantly higher in the respiratory bundle care group, indicating better perceived quality of care. Multivariate analysis showed that respiratory bundle care, early mobilization, and absence of smoking history were strong predictors of favorable respiratory outcomes.

Conclusion: The study concludes that respiratory bundle care is more effective than routine respiratory care in reducing postoperative respiratory complications among patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. The structured and systematic implementation of evidence-based respiratory interventions significantly improves pulmonary function, accelerates recovery, reduces hospitalization, and enhances patient satisfaction. The findings highlight the crucial role of nurses in implementing standardized respiratory care protocols. Incorporation of respiratory bundle care into routine postoperative nursing practice is strongly recommended to improve surgical outcomes and patient safety. Continuous training, monitoring, and institutional support are essential for successful implementation.},
        keywords = {Postoperative respiratory complications; Respiratory bundle care; Routine respiratory care; Abdominal surgery; Incentive spirometry; Early mobilization; Nursing intervention; Patient outcomes.},
        month = {June},
        }