| Civil Engineering is one of the oldest and vital branch of engineering concerning to develop sustainable infrastructure. The profession covers several areas of interest and a broad vary of skill like surveying (topographic / cadastral / natural assets etc.), building (urban- rural / municipal infra-structure / materials etc.), transportation (roads / bridges / traffic etc.), water assets (water supply / treatment / canals / dams / storm / sewers etc.), environmental (chemical and organic waste / public-health / pollution impact / remedy / resource administration etc.), geological (rock, soil mechanics/ earthquake engineering etc.) and coastal (erosion/flood protection /hydro-dynamics etc.). As a result, civil engineers work with a voluminous amount of data from a variety of sources for infrastructure development, planning, designing and decision making of urban facilities, etc. which requires an analysis which is cost-effective in identifying proper solutions for different categories of human activities and urban facilities like optimum land use, the practical effectiveness of a planned design etc. One technology that is Geographic information system (GIS) permits civil engineers to manage and share knowledge and switch it into simply understood reports and visualization , for making, managing, analyzing, information related to managing and developing infrastructure to solve spatial urban difficulty arrive at civil engineers and for numerous applications at micro, macro and meso – level. |
