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Autonomous Traffic Signal Prioritization for Efficient Emergency Vehicle Routing

  • Unique Paper ID: 180770
  • Volume: 12
  • Issue: 1
  • PageNo: 2837-2843
  • Abstract:
  • Rapid and unhindered movement of emergency vehicles is essential for saving lives, yet conventional traffic systems often obstruct this by failing to prioritize them at intersections. This paper introduces an intelligent, autonomous solution aimed at ensuring timely passage for ambulances and similar vehicles through urban traffic. By incorporating edge computing, real-time wireless communication, and localized signal control, the system offers a low-cost, practical alternative to existing infrastructure-heavy methods. A vision-enabled ESP32-CAM module serves as the core detection unit, identifying emergency vehicles within a predefined range based on visual indicators. Upon detection of an emergency vehicle, NRF24L01 transceiver forwards a wireless signal to a centralized ESP8266 controller, which orchestrates traffic signal behavior using the ESP-NOW protocol. This dynamically enables a green light for a fixed interval in the vehicle’s direction while halting cross traffic.Simultaneously, a GPS-based alert mechanism transmits the vehicle’s location to nearby drivers. A secondary ESP32 module processes this data and triggers alerts on a TFT screen within the car, providing early notice of an approaching emergency vehicle. The system eliminates the reliance on cloud connectivity or centralized servers, ensuring minimal latency and uninterrupted functionality. Designed for easy integration into smart city ecosystems, this approach demonstrates improvements in emergency response efficiency, road safety, and overall traffic fluidity. Its adaptability makes it a viable option for modernizing urban transportation networks.
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Cite This Article

  • ISSN: 2349-6002
  • Volume: 12
  • Issue: 1
  • PageNo: 2837-2843

Autonomous Traffic Signal Prioritization for Efficient Emergency Vehicle Routing

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