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@article{144858,
        author = {Pooja G. Wadibhasme and Abhay Satmohankar and Santhosh Banoth},
        title = {A Comparative Study of Hexagonal and Extended Constellations in PAPR Reduction by Tone Injection Technique},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {},
        volume = {4},
        number = {5},
        pages = {96-102},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=144858},
        abstract = {Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is efficient system mainly used for the transmission of simultaneous large data with higher data rate without signal interference. However, the main drawback of OFDM systems is the high peak-to average power ratio (PAPR), which leads to inferior performance inefficiency output and undesired noise at receiver end. Over the period several methods are designed to reduce PAPR. Out of these, Tone Injection (TI) technique has recently gain popularity for its efficient PAPR reduction capability without incurring data rate loss or extra side information.  The basic idea of TI is to increase the constellation size so that each information unit can be mapped into one of several equivalent points, these extra degrees of freedom can be exploited for PAPR reduction. In this paper equivalent points in Extended Constellation (EC) and Hexagonal Constellation (HC) are employed for the Tone Injection of suitable frequency and phase. It is observed that both EC and HC tone injection methods significantly reduces the PAPR. The PAPR reduction by HC technique is better than EC due to symmetric distribution of points in the space of former. },
        keywords = {Extended Constellation (EC) and Hexagonal Constellation (HC), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), Tone Injection (TI).},
        month = {},
        }