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@article{156988,
        author = {Yash Yuvaraj Gite and Dr. S. B. Mulay},
        title = {An Experimental Study on the Partial Replacement of Sand with Copper Slag in Cement Concrete},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {},
        volume = {9},
        number = {5},
        pages = {846-852},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=156988},
        abstract = {Copper slag is a by-product obtained during matte smelting and refining of copper. The common management options for copper slag are recycling, recovering of metal, production of value added products such as abrasive tools, roofing granules, cutting tools, abrasive, tiles, glass, road-base construction, railroad ballast, asphalt pavements. Despite increasing rate of reusing copper slag, the huge amount of its annual production is disposed in dumps or stockpiles to date. One of the greatest potential applications for reusing copper slag is in cement and concrete production. Many researchers have investigated the use of copper slag in the production of cement, mortar and concrete as raw materials for clinker, cement replacement, coarse and fine aggregates. The use of copper slag in cement and concrete provides potential environmental as well as economic benefits for all related industries, particularly in areas where a considerable amount of copper slag is produced. 
This paper studied the engineering characteristics of copper slag and its effects on the properties of cement concrete. When copper slag is used as a raw material for clinker production, it can act as both iron adjusting and mineralizing component. Further, it also improves the grindability of the clinker. When it is used as a cement replacement or an aggregate replacement, the cement concrete containing different forms of copper slag have good performance in comparison with conventional concrete. Compressive strength of concrete at 0% copper slag is 29.98 N/mm2, 10% copper slag is 31.67 N/mm2, 20% copper slag is 36.90 N/mm2, 30% copper slag is 39.42 N/mm2, 40% copper slag is 45.07 N/mm2, 50% copper slag is 28.80 N/mm2 and for 60% copper slag is 35.65 N/mm2. Split tensile strength of concrete at 0% copper slag is 2.80 N/mm2, 10% copper slag is 3.12 N/mm2, 20% copper slag is 3.51 N/mm2, 30% copper slag is 3.87 N/mm2, 40% copper slag is 3.93 N/mm2, 50% copper slag is 3.60 N/mm2 and for 60% copper slag is 3.45 N/mm2. Flexural strength of concrete at 0% copper slag is 3.99 N/mm2, 10% copper slag is 4.11 N/mm2, 20% copper slag is 4.20 N/mm2, 30% copper slag is 4.46 N/mm2, 40% copper slag is 4.57 N/mm2, 50% copper slag is 4.29 N/mm2 and for 60% coppe},
        keywords = {Concrete, Copper Slag, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength, Compressive Strength, Permeability, Chemical Resistance, etc.},
        month = {},
        }