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@article{170385,
        author = {Kavya B K and D P Nagarajappa and Bhagyashree H N},
        title = {INNOVATIVE TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL SEWAGE AT SHIVANAGAR STP, DAVANGERE WITH VERTICAL FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2024},
        volume = {11},
        number = {7},
        pages = {392-397},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=170385},
        abstract = {Constructed wetlands have gained much importance for treating domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes and are considered as an effective secondary or tertiary treatment method. The main characteristics affect the removal efficiency of constructed wetland are the vegetation type, Hydraulic retention time and substrate. This study investigates the effectiveness of vertical flow constructed wetland planted with C.indica  for the treatment of municipal sewage influent. Over a period of 28 days, various water quality parameters were monitored, including pH, TSS, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Nitrates and Phosphates. The result for C.indica showed a pH of 7.1, TSS removal efficiency of 72%, DO of 5.1 mg/l, TDS reduction of 70%, BOD removal of 75%, COD reduction of 57.24%, Nitrate removal of 54% and Phosphates removal of 39%. The study concludes that  plant species effectively improve water quality in vertical flow constructed wetland, with C.indica showing  performance in TSS, TDS, BOD, and Nitrate removal.},
        keywords = {C.indica, Hydraulic retention time, Municipal sewage influent and Vertical flow constructed wetland},
        month = {December},
        }