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@article{176449,
        author = {ABHISHEK K V and NANDHINI B and SAKTHI R and SONIYA D},
        title = {BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {11},
        number = {11},
        pages = {7099-7106},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=176449},
        abstract = {With the rapid advancement of electrochemical storage technologies, efficient Battery Management Systems (BMS) have become indispensable for ensuring the safe, reliable, and optimal operation of energy storage solutions. This research focuses on designing a flexible and cost-effective BMS that supports lithium-ion and sodium-ion battery chemistries, primarily targeting nominal voltage ratings of 24V and 36V. The proposed BMS architecture incorporates an Arduino Nano microcontroller, integrated sensors, and control circuitry to monitor real-time parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. Key features include a DIP switch for battery selection, voltage scaling using a divider network, and safe current and temperature sensing using ACS712 and LM35 sensors, respectively. The system displays critical data on a 16x2 LCD screen via I2C communication for enhanced usability. The BMS is particularly suited for applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and portable electronics. Its modularity and adaptability offer a modern approach to managing diverse battery technologies with an emphasis on safety, performance, and affordability.},
        keywords = {Battery Management System (BMS), Lithium-ion Battery, Sodium-ion Battery, Arduino Nano, Current Sensor (ACS712), Temperature Sensor (LM35), Voltage Divider, DIP Switch, MOSFET Switching, Real-Time Monitoring, Dual-Chemistry Support, Energy Storage Systems},
        month = {April},
        }