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@article{177504,
        author = {Nitesh Kumar and Dr. A. P. Srivastava and Mr. K.K. Dewan},
        title = {A Smart Milk Pan IOT based Project},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {11},
        number = {12},
        pages = {2308-2317},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=177504},
        abstract = {Boiling milk is a foundational cooking task in many households, yet it frequently leads to overcooking, spillage, and safety hazards due to the lack of continuous, precise temperature oversight. We introduce the Smart Milk Pan, an innovative kitchen appliance that automates the boiling process by dynamically regulating heat input on both gas and electric stoves. At its core, the system employs a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor—known for its high accuracy and rapid response—to monitor milk temperature in real time. An ESP8266 microcontroller processes sensor reading and actuates a solid state relay module, ensuring heat is cut off the instant the milk reaches a user defined threshold.
In rigorous laboratory and domestic trials, the Smart Milk Pan consistently brought 500 mL of milk to 99 °C within 3 min 10 s, maintaining temperature within ±2 °C of the target and entirely preventing overflow. The relay’s average reaction time of 1.2 s, combined with adaptive control algorithms, delivered a 30% reduction in energy consumption compared to manual methods. Battery powered operation sustained six hours of intermittent use on a single charge, and a low power standby mode extended battery life during idle periods. User evaluations reported a 90% decrease in active supervision time and a 97% first use success rate, underscoring the appliance’s intuitive design and practical value.
Beyond its immediate performance benefits—enhanced safety, energy efficiency, and user convenience—the Smart Milk Pan lays the groundwork for future enhancements. Ongoing development aims to integrate renewable energy sources (solar charging), machine learning models for predictive heating profiles, and voice control interfaces. This work demonstrates the transformative potential of IoT driven, sensor based automation in everyday cooking tasks, paving the way for smarter, more sustainable kitchen technologies.},
        keywords = {Smart Milk Pan, Temperature Control, DS18B20, ESP8266, Kitchen Automation, IoT.},
        month = {May},
        }