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@article{182341,
        author = {Baby Ritu Phukan},
        title = {Exploring Female Empowerment and Environmental Activism in Barbara Kingsolver's Flight Behavior},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {2},
        pages = {1195-1201},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=182341},
        abstract = {Flight Behavior is a multilayered novel by Barbara Kingsolver, weaving strands of climate change, environmental activism, and personalized transformation, especially the path to female empowerment and agency, within the backdrop of rural Appalachia. It centers on Dellarobia Turnbow, a woman circumscribed in domestic roles and household work by the traditional social system, who embarks on her path of self-discovery. Kingsolver examines the intersection of gender, environment, and individual agency through the symbolic presence of the displaced monarch butterflies and the growing environmental consciousness of Dellarobia. One way that Flight Behavior exemplifies women’s empowerment is through Dellarobia’s beginning to break free from social restraints by reinventing herself and finding her voice in her community and the new nature world that the monarch butterflies have presented her to. Drawing, for instance, on both ecofeminist theory and the symbolic interpretation of the butterfly motif, the novel reveals deep insights that speak about the association of women with the natural environment, how personal transformation is a metaphor, and at the same time, an imperative response to wider ecological and social crises.},
        keywords = {Female empowerment, agency, ecofeminism, patriarchal structures, monarch butterflies, Barbara Kingsolver, Flight Behavior},
        month = {July},
        }