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@article{183065,
        author = {Viniket Ramesh Gawand and Ravibabu Tayade and Shreyasi khot},
        title = {SYNTHESIS, PHOTOCHROMISM, AND DFT STUDY OF SUBSTITUTED CHALCONE FULGIDE AND FULGIMIDE},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {3},
        pages = {292-298},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=183065},
        abstract = {Stobbe condensation is an important C-C bond-forming reaction in which an Aldehydes or ketones were condensed with dimethyl succinate to give corresponding acid- ester product and subsequent Stobbe condensation gives fulgide followed by ammonolysis to give fulgimide. Substituted chalcone were synthesized by convenient method to carry out subsequent Stobbe condensation. Stobbe condensation on chalcone like (E)-1-phenyl-3-(p-tolyl) prop-2-en-1-one with dimethyl succinate in presence of strong base at room temperature were carried to give the corresponding acid-ester product as (3Z,5E)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-phenyl-6-(p-tolyl) hexa-3,5-dienoic acid. Esterification of obtained product followed by subsequent Stobbe condensation with ketone gives acid- ester product as (3Z,5E)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-phenyl-2-(propan-2-ylidene)-6-(p-tolyl) hexa-3,5-dienoic acid. This acid ester product was saponified to give the corresponding diacid (Fulgenic acids) (Z)-2-((E)-1-phenyl-3-(p-tolyl) allylidene)-3-(propan-2-ylidene) succinic acid. Acetylation of Fulgenic acid leads to fulgide (Z)-1-phenyl-3-((E)-1-phenyl-3-(p-tolyl) allylidene)-4-(propan-2-ylidene) pyrrolidine-2,5-dione. Further ammonolysis of fulgides were carried out with aniline to give the corresponding Fulgimide (Z)-1-phenyl-3-((E)-1-phenyl-3-(p-tolyl) allylidene)-4-(propan-2-ylidene) pyrrolidine-2,5-dione. Photochromism is a reversible change in color or shade when exposed to light of a particular frequency or intensity. This reversible change makes them applicable in optical memory devices, ophthalmic lenses, novelty printing sensors, etc. This Fulgide was irradiated at 254 nm wavelengths in an Immersion-well photochemical reactor for photochromic properties. Properties like bond length, bond angle, dipole moment, HOMO-LUMO gap, and vibrational frequencies were also studied by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at B3LYP, utilizing a 6-311+ G** basis set.},
        keywords = {Stobbe condensation, Fulgide, Fulgimide, Photochromism, DFT.},
        month = {July},
        }