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@article{184210,
        author = {VIKAS KUMAR GIRI and Dr. RAM CHANDRA CHAURASIA},
        title = {A Comprehensive Study on Equipment Utilization and Haulage Efficiency in Open-Cast Mining},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {4},
        pages = {369-374},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=184210},
        abstract = {In open-cast mining, haulage systems and equipment form the core of material transportation, directly affecting operational efficiency, cost management, and environmental performance. Haulage operations often represent 40–60% of total operating expenses, with fuel usage being a primary cost and environmental concern. This paper explores key strategies to enhance haulage and equipment efficiency in surface mining, focusing on engineering design, technology integration, and sustainable practices. Critical factors include optimized haul road design, appropriate equipment selection and fleet matching, payload management, and the implementation of predictive maintenance systems. The role of skilled operators and the rise of automation—particularly autonomous haulage systems—are also examined for their potential to improve cycle times, safety, and fuel efficiency. Additionally, the transition to low-emission energy sources, such as electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles, is discussed as part of the industry's broader sustainability agenda. Environmental and climatic challenges are considered, emphasizing the need for adaptive infrastructure and planning. The study concludes that a comprehensive, technology-driven approach is essential for achieving both productivity gains and environmental goals, making haulage optimization a pivotal aspect of future-ready mining operations.},
        keywords = {Open-cast mining, haulage efficiency, equipment utilization, surface mining, fleet optimization, haul road design, payload management, predictive maintenance, autonomous haulage systems, fuel consumption, sustainable mining, mining automation},
        month = {September},
        }