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@article{185448,
        author = {Jincy George and Meenuga Pavithra},
        title = {Phishing and Online Scams :Undersatanding the Threat and the Law},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {5},
        pages = {1535-1539},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=185448},
        abstract = {The digital revolution, while ushering in an era of unprecedented connectivity and economic opportunity, has also created a fertile ground for criminal innovation. Online fraud, particularly phishing and sophisticated scams, has become a pervasive threat to individuals, businesses, and governments worldwide. These malicious activities result in staggering financial losses, erode trust in digital ecosystems, and compromise sensitive personal data. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the global legal frameworks designed to combat these cyber threats. It begins by defining and elucidating the various forms of phishing and online scams, detailing their mechanics and impacts. The core of the article delves into the intricate web of international, regional, and national cybercrime laws, with a focused examination of key legislations such as the US Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), India's Information Technology Act, 2000, and the UK's Computer Misuse Act 1990, alongside the pivotal role of the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime. Furthermore, it explores the critical intersection of data protection laws, like the GDPR, in the fight against fraud. The article also addresses the significant challenges law enforcement and judiciary face, including jurisdiction, anonymity, and the rapid evolution of tactics. Finally, it concludes with a forward-looking perspective on necessary legal reforms, public-private partnerships, and the indispensable role of continuous user education in creating a resilient defense against the ever-evolving landscape of online fraud.},
        keywords = {},
        month = {October},
        }