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@article{187140,
        author = {Kaveri Subhash Vavhal},
        title = {Interoperability Between Multiple Blockchain Networks},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {6},
        pages = {4159-4168},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=187140},
        abstract = {Blockchain technology has revolutionized data management by enabling decentralized, immutable, and transparent ledgers. However, the emergence of numerous independent blockchain platforms — each with its unique consensus mechanisms, data models, and governance — has created a fragmented ecosystem. Interoperability between multiple blockchain networks has therefore become a key research challenge. This paper explores the principles, architectures, and technologies enabling blockchain interoperability, including cross-chain communication protocols, relay mechanisms, and sidechains. It evaluates leading frameworks such as Polkadot, Cosmos, and Chainlink, analyzing their advantages, limitations, and use cases. Achieving this requires solutions that address the challenges of standardization, security, and scalability across different architectures and consensus mechanisms. Finally, the paper outlines open challenges and future directions toward achieving a unified blockchain ecosystem.},
        keywords = {Blockchain, Interoperability, Cross-chain Communication, Polkadot, Cosmos, Sidechains, Decentralized Networks.},
        month = {November},
        }