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@article{191079,
        author = {Gagan Malik and Prof. Sujata Mishra and Dr. Rashmi Rekha Barik and Bhabani Shankar Sethi},
        title = {Household Drinking Water Treatment Practices in India: Insights from the NSS 76th Round},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {8},
        pages = {5720-5728},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=191079},
        abstract = {The present paper attempts to study the method of treating drinking water in India. The study is based on secondary data collected from the 76th cycle of the NSS, conducted from July 2018 to December 2018, as reported in NSS No. 584, "Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Housing Conditions in India." This study examines the household drinking water treatment practices across Indian States and Union Territories using a Composite Index derived from normalized indicators of electric purification, boiling, chemical treatment, non-electric filtration, and untreated water usage. The results reveal significant regional disparities: Northeastern states and parts of Western India demonstrate strong adoption of safe treatment methods, while Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Odisha, and Andhra Pradesh show extremely high dependence on untreated water. Maharashtra ranks highest, whereas Bihar ranks lowest. The findings highlight an urgent need for targeted awareness, affordable purification technologies, and improved access to safe household drinking water in low- low-performing regions.
A Composite Index based on different methods of treatment of drinking water in India has been explored to determine the overall state of methods of drinking water in India.},
        keywords = {drinking water, Households, method of treatment,},
        month = {January},
        }