Copyright © 2026 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{194702,
        author = {Neeta Ukirade and Priti Jagtap},
        title = {Automated smart greenhouse system using IoT},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {10},
        pages = {6299-6305},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=194702},
        abstract = {The growing demand for sustainable agricultural production is driving many farmers to implement automated technologies. This paper presents the design and implementation of a smart greenhouse using an IoT platform based on an ESP32 module. This system uses sensors to monitor the four main environmental parameters temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity in real-time. When these parameters reach defined thresholds values, control devices such as irrigation pump, ventilation fan, and artificial lights are controlled automatically by the ESP32 microcontroller to maintain optimal conditions for plant growth. The system allows data transmitted in real-time to a cloud-based dashboard through Wi-Fi, thus allowing for monitoring and overseeing the system remotely. The method of automation is hardware-based and threshold-based, both of which provide lower computational complexity and energy efficiency. Experimental evaluation has shown the system to successfully provide reliable environmental conditions, reduced water consumption, and stable wireless communications. The prototype developed provides a cost-effective way to implement a solution that is scalable to small and medium-sized greenhouse applications, which will help to achieve sustainable and intelligent agricultural automation. The proposed hardware-focused solution offers a low-cost, energy-efficient, and scalable approach for sustainable greenhouse automation, making it suitable for small- and medium-scale agricultural applications.},
        keywords = {},
        month = {March},
        }