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@article{196681,
        author = {Amit Sharma and Anil Kumar and Mahesh Kumar},
        title = {Comparative Study of Routing Protocols: Why OSPF Excels Over EIGRP and BGP},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {11},
        pages = {5242-5245},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=196681},
        abstract = {Routing protocols are essential for ensuring efficient and reliable data transmission in IP networks. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) differ significantly in their design objectives and operational scope. This paper presents a theoretical comparison of these protocols with a focus on routing efficiency, convergence behavior, scalability, and administrative complexity. While BGP provides extensive policy-based control for inter-domain routing and EIGRP offers fast convergence within Cisco-centric environments, OSPF demonstrates superior overall performance for large enterprise and service provider intra-domain networks. OSPF’s link-state architecture, hierarchical area design, standardized implementation, and deterministic shortest-path computation enable faster convergence, better scalability, and enhanced network stability compared to EIGRP and BGP. Furthermore, OSPF’s vendor-neutral nature and strong support for load balancing and network segmentation make it more adaptable to heterogeneous network environments. The study concludes that OSPF is a more efficient, reliable, and practical routing protocol for most structured and multi-vendor network deployments.},
        keywords = {OSPF, BGP, EIGRP, Convergence, Scalability, Routing},
        month = {April},
        }