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@article{199938,
        author = {R. Tharani and R. Rajendran and V. Soorya},
        title = {Treatment of Paper Mill Effluent via Calcium-Alginate Immobilized Beads of Anatomical Components of Eichhornia Crassipes: A Study on Phosphate and Nitrogen Adsorption Kinetics and Optimization Process},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {117-126},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=199938},
        abstract = {Treating Pulp and Paper mill effluent using Eichhornia crassipes proves to be an excellent way to remove total phosphate and total nitrogen due to its high nutrient adsorption ability and hence, rendering it in improving the quality of water. Also, it is economical, easily available, effective and efficient. Paper mill effluent was treated by using immobilized biosorbents: Leaf, Root and Petiole of Eichhornia crassipes. In the standard solutions around 99.57% of total inorganic phosphate, 96.02 % ammonia, 65.44 % nitrate and 85.33% of nitrite was removed under the optimized condition of 1% bead dosage, bead density of 15, 6 hours of time period, at pH 7 and at room temperature using sodium alginate-calcium chloride immobilized beads of Root, leaf and petiole of Eichhornia crassipes. In the paper mill effluent, about 81.60% of total inorganic phosphate, 93.46 % total organic phosphate, 100 % filterable phosphate, 79.75 % ammonia, 20.28 % nitrate and 91.66 % of nitrite was removed. This study has shown that the biosorbent has adsorbed the nutrients from the effluent onto its surface. Also, it reduces the hardness, TDS, BOD, COD and chloride from the waste water. Hence, it has shown that Eichhornia crassipes is an effective biosorbent in treating Paper mill effluent. Eichhornia crassipes has also reduced the microbial load gradually after its exposure. FTIR characterization of the treated effluent and the biosorbent inferred the total elimination of sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds from the effluent.},
        keywords = {Adsorption, Biosorption, E.crassipes, Immobilization, Leaf, Nitrogen, Petiole, Phosphate, Root.},
        month = {May},
        }