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@article{201160,
        author = {Preethika N and Durga Devi K and Shakthi Prasanth M and Sreedharan M and Srimathika RV},
        title = {SMART IoT-ENABLED HELMET WITH MESH NETWORKING FOR COAL MINER SAFETY},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {12627-12633},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=201160},
        abstract = {The mining of coal continues to be among the most dangerous jobs where the miners are exposed to occupational hazards such as invisible toxic gases, dust choking, extreme temperatures and hazardous physical accidents. The existing safety protocols, which are mostly traditional helmets and manual gas sensors, do not offer any more than physical protection, and are not always able to deliver real-time and pervasive monitoring capability This creates a Smart IoT Enabled Helmet which is a dedicated wearable safety and health monitoring device made up of miners. The suggested solution incorporates an ESP32, several sensors, gas and dust, temperature, fall detector, heart rate, and spo2(oxygen saturation) sensors, to provide continuous acquisition of health and environmental data. The essence of the innovation is in the use of the Lora based Mesh network, which allows ensuring the reliability of the multi hop transmission to the central base station, even in the absence of the traditional internet connection. The system has an SOS emergency activation and offers the workers immediate feedback through buzzers, LED, and heavy vibration alerts (which is crucial mainly to the hearing-impaired workers). Introduction of multi hop routing is very useful in enhancing the successes in delivering packets and latency reducing packets to allow continuous monitoring on long tunnels that the traditional wireless system cannot permit. This reinforces coordination in rescue efforts by directing response agencies to where the workers are affected eventually minimizing accidents, saving lives, and improving on efficiency.},
        keywords = {Smart Mining Helmet, LoRa Mesh, Health Monitoring, Emergency Alert System Miner, Hazard detection in Underground Environments.},
        month = {May},
        }