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@article{201445,
        author = {Dr. T. Kiran Kumar and Dhupam Sonika},
        title = {STABILIZATION OF GRAVELLY SOIL USING CATIONIC BITUMEN EMULSION AND CEMENT FOR ENHANCED SUBGRADE STRENGTH},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {3751-3754},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=201445},
        abstract = {Soil, being one of the most abundant natural construction materials, forms the foundation for nearly all types of civil engineering structures. In road construction, the performance of a pavement system is largely governed by the strength of the subgrade soil. Weak subgrade conditions necessitate stabilization or replacement to enhance load-bearing capacity and overall pavement durability.
Improvement in subgrade strength can significantly reduce pavement thickness, thereby resulting in economic benefits. Conventional stabilizing agents such as cement, lime, fly ash, and fibers are widely used for this purpose. This experimental study focuses on improving the engineering properties of gravelly soil through the incorporation of bitumen emulsion. The primary objective is to enhance subgrade strength, evaluated in terms of California Bearing Ratio (CBR), using cationic bitumen emulsion (CMS). A small percentage of cement is also introduced as a filler material to further improve the binding characteristics and strength performance of the soil matrix. The investigation includes detailed laboratory testing to determine the basic properties of soil, compaction characteristics, and strength behaviour under varying mix proportions. Different combinations of gravel soil, CMS bitumen emulsion, and cement were analysed to study their influence on maximum dry density and CBR values. The results indicate that the inclusion of cationic bitumen emulsion, in conjunction with a minimal quantity of cement, significantly enhances the strength properties of gravelly soil. Optimal mix conditions were identified, demonstrating the potential of this stabilization technique as an economical and effective solution for subgrade improvement.},
        keywords = {Gravelly soil, Soil stabilization, Cationic bitumen emulsion, Cement stabilization, California Bearing Ratio, Subgrade strength, Pavement engineering, Compaction characteristics, Bituminous stabilization, Geotechnical improvement.},
        month = {May},
        }