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@article{202907,
        author = {Mohan Raj S and Thanuja H P},
        title = {Review On Comparative Study of Flexural Performance of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Cinder Aggregate with and without J-Hook Anchorage},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {9945-9950},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=202907},
        abstract = {This study investigates the flexural performance of lightweight reinforced concrete beams wherein natural coarse aggregate is partially replaced by cinder aggregate, an industrial byproduct. While previous research has documented strength losses at high replacement levels, no study has proposed or validated a reinforcement strategy to restore beam-scale capacity. The objective of this work is to evaluate whether J-hook anchorage can compensate for the structural deficit caused by high-volume cinder replacement. M30 grade beams were cast with 75% cinder replacement and tested under four-point bending. Three beam configurations were compared: control beams with natural aggregate, cinder beams without J-hooks, and cinder beams with J-hook anchorage. The J-hooks were fabricated from Fe 550 steel and placed at regular spacing within the flexure zone. Results indicate that beams with 75% cinder replacement without J-hooks exhibited significant reduction in ultimate load capacity and failed in a brittle shear mode. In contrast, beams supplemented with J-hook anchorage achieved load capacity comparable to or exceeding the control beams, with failure mode transforming to ductile flexure. This study demonstrates that J-hook anchorage effectively restores structural performance in high-volume cinder concrete, enabling sustainable lightweight construction without compromising safety.},
        keywords = {Cinder aggregate, J-hook anchorage, flexural performance, lightweight concrete, shear reinforcement, sustainable construction.},
        month = {May},
        }