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@article{203515,
        author = {Dr Kuntala Soy and Mr. Manas Kumar Rout},
        title = {Economic Organization of the Ho Tribe in Mayurbhanj: Continuity and Change},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {11099-11108},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=203515},
        abstract = {The economic life of the Ho tribe is a mixed mix of traditional subsistence and modern socio-economic changes. Traditionally, the Ho used to hunt, gather and use forest resources to feed themselves (Ray, 1969; Nayak, 1977), gradually changing to the land use and settlement of the agricultural sector based on interactions with neighbors and changes in environmental conditions. At present, agriculture is the backbone of their economy, complemented by forest-based activity and wage labor (Mohanta, 2003). But these developments have not weakened the Ho’s ecological ties to their environment as rooted in traditional knowledge systems and ceremonies. Cultural practices including farming, hunting, and forest tillage are closely bound up with religious faith and cultural practices that control resource use to ensure sustainability (SC/ST Research and Training Institute, Odisha). But factors like industrialization, deforestation, and the dispossession of land have dramatically transformed their traditional economic system, creating new livelihood and livelihood issues. This paper investigates the evolution of the eco-system in Ho, from farming, forest resources, and the act of performing rituals. It claims that for all its many facets new economic opportunities in this century may offer, the new challenges introduced by modernization have also been to the maintenance of the region’s indigenous culture and survival. Keywords: Ho Tribe; Economic Life; Subsistence Economy; Agriculture; Forest Economy; Ritual Economy; Indigenous Knowledge; Tribal Development; Odisha.},
        keywords = {Ho Tribe; Economic Life; Subsistence Economy; Agriculture; Forest Economy; Ritual Economy; Indigenous Knowledge; Tribal Development; Odisha},
        month = {May},
        }