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@article{207048,
        author = {MONIKA S and Dr.K.SUDHA},
        title = {Comparative Evaluation of Flat And Waffle Slab Systems Using Numerical Analysis},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {2},
        pages = {3905-3911},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=207048},
        abstract = {The selection of an efficient slab system plays a vital role in improving the structural performance, economy, and serviceability of reinforced concrete buildings. This study presents a comparative numerical evaluation of flat slab and waffle slab systems using ETABS software. Both slab systems were modelled with identical plan dimensions, material properties, and loading conditions in accordance with relevant Indian Standard provisions. The structural behaviour was assessed by considering bending moment, maximum deflection, self-weight, concrete volume, and steel consumption. Manual design calculations were carried out to verify the analytical results obtained from ETABS. To provide a comprehensive comparison, an Integrated Structural Efficiency Index (ISEI) was developed by combining multiple structural performance parameters into a single evaluation criterion. The comparative results indicate that the waffle slab system exhibits lower self-weight, reduced material consumption, and improved stiffness compared with the flat slab system. The proposed ISEI provides a practical framework for evaluating slab systems based on overall structural efficiency rather than individual performance parameters. The study concludes that waffle slabs are a more efficient structural solution for large-span reinforced concrete floor systems.},
        keywords = {Flat Slab, Waffle Slab, ETABS, Structural Efficiency, Integrated Structural Efficiency Index (ISEI), Numerical Analysis, Reinforced Concrete.},
        month = {July},
        }