Evaluating the Spatial Variability of Water Chemical Parameters: An Analysis of Dal Lake Based on GIS Applications
Author(s):
Shaista Rasool, Sandeep Singla
Keywords:
Spatial variability, GIS , Dal Lake, Water Chemical Properties
Abstract
Growing urbanization surrounding Dal Lake in the Himalayan region of Kashmir has prompted a critical analysis of its effects on aquatic life, geochemistry, and water quality. Using a thorough scientific methodology, this study examines important water quality metrics at 24 sampling locations in the summer and winter. The measurements—pH, dissolved oxygen, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and total alkalinity—are essential for determining the lake's trophic level. Seasons turn out to be important variables affecting Dal Lake's water's chemical composition. Wintertime brings lower water levels that could concentrate pollutants, while summertime brings increased sediment loads and turbidity from melting snow. The observed properties exhibit considerable spatial variability (CV >1), which is linked to anthropogenic activities such as domestic waste discharges, agriculture, and urban growth. This is highlighted by the coefficient of variation (CV). The spatial variability of water chemical characteristics is mapped using geostatistical analysis, most especially Ordinary Kriging. For varying parameters, Gaussian, exponential, and spherical models prove to be suitable representations. The spatial maps help identify regions that need focused conservation efforts by enabling a more sophisticated knowledge of localized variances. Essentially, this study highlights the necessity for quick and focused intervention techniques while providing important insights about Dal Lake's current situation. Amidst the growing problems of urban expansion, the integration of scientific analyses—from geostatistical mapping to water quality assessments—forms the basis for well-informed decision-making and sustainable conservation initiatives.
Article Details
Unique Paper ID: 162688

Publication Volume & Issue: Volume 10, Issue 10

Page(s): 751 - 758
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