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@article{171686,
        author = {Bhumika Saini and Professor Priyanka Mathur},
        title = {The sources, hazards, and reduction of Fluoride- An Overview},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {11},
        number = {8},
        pages = {637-644},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=171686},
        abstract = {Due to fluoride’s (F) adverse impacts, Fluorosis on creatures of all kinds is now anticipated to become an enormous global concern. Geological natural resources combined with growing industrialization have made a significant contribution to the rising prevalence of fluoride-related health problems in both humans and animals. It mostly has detrimental impacts on humans and animals via weakening antioxidant defense systems and enzymatic cofactor chelation. It then results in metabolic problems, by influencing some biological functions, including metabolism, cell cycle, gene expression, oxidative stress, endocytosis, apoptosis, necrosis, ion transport, and hormone release.
Bone loss, dental mottling, skeletal dysfunctions including abnormalities that are incapacitating, and other essential organs not functioning properly. It was discovered that plants mostly absorb fluoride from water. Animals may subsequently enter the human food chain by consuming large fluoride cuisine with both plant and animal origins. Numerous safeguards and mitigation strategies have been devised to reduce the toxicity of fluoride, such as by using artificial compounds, and bioactive substances found in plants, and plant goods include things like pulpy fruit, grain mixes, and plant buckles.
Therefore, this article offers up-to-date information on the origins, toxicity, and different amelioration methods for reducing fluoride levels in the water. It also discusses the usage of different synthetic and natural chemicals and compounds to decrease fluoride’s detrimental effects in vivo models.},
        keywords = {Amelioration methods, antioxidant defense system, Fluoride toxicity, health problems, organ abnormalities.},
        month = {January},
        }