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@article{172883,
        author = {MS MEHREEN MUSHTAQ FALKE and Ms. Komal P Bonde. and Ms. Anjali Thakur and Ms snehal Trimbak Daud and Mr. Amit  Kumar and Ms. Saraswati and Mr. Rohit Shivcharan Patil},
        title = {Hepatotoxicity: A Detailed Review of Its Types, Mechanisms, Drug Interactions, and Hepatoprotective Interventions},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {11},
        number = {9},
        pages = {1195-1202},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=172883},
        abstract = {Hepatotoxicity, or drug-induced liver injury (DILI), is a significant clinical concern, often leading to acute liver failure and the withdrawal of drugs from the market. The liver plays a crucial role in drug metabolism, making it highly susceptible to toxic insults. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of hepatotoxicity, covering its types, underlying mechanisms, drug interactions, and potential hepatoprotective interventions. Hepatotoxicity can be classified into intrinsic (dose-dependent) and idiosyncratic (unpredictable) forms, with subtypes such as cholestatic, hepatocellular, and mixed-pattern injuries. Mechanistically, hepatotoxicity involves metabolic activation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune-mediated responses, and bile acid dysregulation. Various drugs, including acetaminophen, antibiotics, NSAIDs, and antitubercular agents, have been implicated in hepatotoxicity, along with herbal and dietary supplements. Understanding drug-drug interactions and their impact on hepatic function is crucial for minimizing liver toxicity.
Several hepatoprotective interventions have been explored to counteract hepatotoxicity, including pharmacological agents like N-acetylcysteine and silymarin, natural compounds such as curcumin and glycyrrhizin, and emerging approaches like stem cell therapy. Biomarkers for early detection of liver injury and regulatory guidelines for evaluating hepatotoxic potential play a vital role in clinical safety assessments. This review highlights the current knowledge on hepatotoxicity, existing challenges, and future directions in hepatoprotection and risk mitigation strategies. A deeper understanding of hepatotoxicity mechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions could improve drug safety and liver health management.},
        keywords = {Hepatotoxicity, Drug-induced liver injury, Oxidative stress, Drug interactions, Hepatoprotective agents, Liver toxicity},
        month = {February},
        }