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@article{180286,
        author = {G. Rethish and M. Deepak Kumar and K. T. Thilagham},
        title = {A Comprehensive Review on Friction Welding},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {1},
        pages = {627-635},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=180286},
        abstract = {This review paper presents a comprehensive 
overview of recent research on friction welding (FW) of 
similar and dissimilar alloys, focusing on the influence 
of process parameters and surface modifications on 
joint quality and mechanical properties. Friction 
welding, increasingly favored over traditional fusion 
welding, enables the joining of metals that are otherwise 
difficult to weld. It has gained significant traction in 
industries such as aerospace, automotive, submarine 
engineering, and heavy-duty vehicle manufacturing, 
which demand innovative material combinations and 
advanced joining techniques. The review highlights how 
welding parameters—such as friction pressure (FP), 
axial shortening, and the geometry of faying surfaces—
 affect 
weld efficiency, joint strength, and 
microstructural 
characteristics. 
For 
instance, 
hemispherical bowl-type faying surfaces under 18 bar 
FP exhibit less than 25 mm axial shortening, while 
bevel-type surfaces increase shortening. Narrow weld 
interfaces (5–10 µm) and up to 92% joint efficiency are 
achievable with optimized low FP and modified faying 
surfaces, especially in small-diameter soft metals. 
Surface geometries like U- and V-shapes not only 
enhance bonding but also expand the contact area, 
further improving joint strength. This paper 
consolidates 
advancements in FW techniques, 
providing valuable insights for future research and 
industrial applications.},
        keywords = {Friction Welding (FW), Weld Joint  Efficiency, Friction Pressure (FP), Microstructure  Modification, Fusion Welding Alternative.},
        month = {June},
        }