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@article{180984,
        author = {Aman Kumar Balhara},
        title = {Design and Construction of Diaphragm Wall in Urban Areas},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {1},
        pages = {3954-3957},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=180984},
        abstract = {As cities expand vertically and space becomes increasingly scarce; safe and sustainable deep excavation methods are essential for urban construction. Diaphragm walls have emerged as a key solution in geotechnical engineering due to their dual role as both excavation support and permanent retaining structures. This study investigates the design, analysis, and construction of diaphragm walls, drawing insights from the ABC Commercial Project commercial development in Gurugram, India. Integrating traditional and modern technologies—from slurry-supported trenches to reinforced concrete systems with high-strength steel and real-time monitoring—this research highlights challenges like high groundwater levels, soft soils, and spatial constraints. Using an empirical field study approach that includes geotechnical investigations, laboratory testing, and structural modeling (STAAD Pro), the diaphragm wall system was evaluated under complex loading scenarios including seismic forces and high lateral pressures. Despite challenging site conditions, sustainable practices like slurry recycling and water-resistant additives enhanced project success. The study concludes that well-designed diaphragm walls offer robust, long-lasting solutions for modern urban foundations, with future prospects including IoT monitoring, climate resilience, and digital twin integration.},
        keywords = {Diaphragm walls, deep excavation, urban construction, geotechnical engineering, sustainability, STAAD.Pro, seismic design, groundwater control, digital twin.To ensure the confidentiality of the project details from the site study used in this work, the actual name of the site has been replaced with ‘ABC Commercial Project’.},
        month = {June},
        }