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@article{187237,
        author = {Apurva Bharte and Shalaka Bansode and Unmesha Bandal and Devyani Bhagare and Avinash Somatkar},
        title = {ADVANCED TESTING METHODS; SEM, AFM, XRD, DSC for shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {6},
        pages = {4919-4929},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=187237},
        abstract = {Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are a special type of smart material that can return to their original shape when heated, which is called the shape memory effect. They also have super elasticity, meaning they can stretch a lot and then snap back to their original form. This study looks closely at how different SMA materials behave at the microscopic level, how their crystal structures change, and how they respond to heat. The research uses advanced tools like Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to examine these properties. It brings together recent information from studies and experiments, focusing on how the makeup of the alloy, the way it's treated with heat, and other factors affect its performance. SEM and AFM helped to see details about the grain structure, the lines where different parts of the material meet, and the patterns that form during changes in the material. XRD was used to find out exactly what phases the material goes through during transformation and to measure its crystal structure. DSC helped to measure the temperatures at which these changes happen and how much the material resists temperature changes, which was connected to what was found in microscopic studies. The findings show that by carefully controlling how the material is made and treated, it's possible to greatly improve its ability to change shape, how it responds to heat, and how well it works in different applications like aerospace, medical devices, and actuators. The way this study combines different methods sets a solid base for improving the design and use of SMAs in the future.},
        keywords = {shape memory alloys, SEM, AFM, XRD, DSC, phase transformation, thermomechanical behavior, microstructure, heat treatment, smart materials},
        month = {November},
        }