A Review on Recent Development of Indole and its Scaffold on Drug Discovery in Different Pharmacological Activities

  • Unique Paper ID: 188814
  • Volume: 12
  • Issue: 7
  • PageNo: 3455-3480
  • Abstract:
  • Indole and its derivatives represent a major class of heterocyclic compounds are recognized for their extensive range of pharmacological activities. This review highlights recent progress in the synthesis, structural characterization, and biological evaluation of indole-based molecules exhibiting anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Due to its distinctive structural framework, indole functions as a crucial pharmacophore incorporated into numerous therapeutic agents, including FDA-approved drugs such as indomethacin, sumatriptan, ondansetron, and sunitinib. The structural adaptability of the indole nucleus enables its derivatives to display diverse biological responses, with documented potential in anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiviral, and antimalarial applications. This review further discusses the synthesis of 2-phenylindole via the Fischer indole reaction and emphasizes the role of spectroscopic methods IR, FTIR, and NMR. Overall, the indole scaffold remains a fundamental motif in medicinal chemistry, continuously driving advancements in synthetic methodologies and drug discovery.

Copyright & License

Copyright © 2025 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

BibTeX

@article{188814,
        author = {Hemant Dhakne and Diksha Dandge and Yojana Dhuri and Sonal Dhonnar and Rakesh Choudhary and Sandhya Dhruve},
        title = {A Review on Recent Development of Indole and its Scaffold on Drug Discovery in Different Pharmacological Activities},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {7},
        pages = {3455-3480},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=188814},
        abstract = {Indole and its derivatives represent a major class of heterocyclic compounds are recognized for their extensive range of pharmacological activities. This review highlights recent progress in the synthesis, structural characterization, and biological evaluation of indole-based molecules exhibiting anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Due to its distinctive structural framework, indole functions as a crucial pharmacophore incorporated into numerous therapeutic agents, including FDA-approved drugs such as indomethacin, sumatriptan, ondansetron, and sunitinib. The structural adaptability of the indole nucleus enables its derivatives to display diverse biological responses, with documented potential in anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiviral, and antimalarial applications. This review further discusses the synthesis of 2-phenylindole via the Fischer indole reaction and emphasizes the role of spectroscopic methods IR, FTIR, and NMR. Overall, the indole scaffold remains a fundamental motif in medicinal chemistry, continuously driving advancements in synthetic methodologies and drug discovery.},
        keywords = {Indole, Anti-cancer, Anti-microbial, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant.},
        month = {December},
        }

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