Copyright © 2026 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{189196,
        author = {DARSIPATI PRAVEEN KUMAR and P SRINIVASA SUBBARAO and Dr KALAPALA PRASAD and THANETI LILY RANI},
        title = {SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CZT NANOPARTICLES FOR SENSOR APPLICATIONS},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {7},
        pages = {5192-5200},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=189196},
        abstract = {The development of earth-abundant and non-toxic semiconductor nanomaterials with tunable structural and optical properties is critical for next-generation sensing applications. In this work, copper–zinc–tin (CZT) nanoparticles were synthesized through a controlled wet-chemical route by systematically varying copper and tin precursor molar concentrations while maintaining constant zinc content. The synthesis strategy enables precise modulation of crystallinity, particle size, and defect density, which are key parameters governing sensor performance. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of polycrystalline CZT nanoparticles with improved phase stability upon optimized precursor ratios, while average crystallite sizes were found to lie in the nanometer regime. Morphological investigation via scanning electron microscopy revealed agglomerated yet uniformly distributed nanoscale particles, indicating favorable surface characteristics for adsorption-driven sensing mechanisms. Elemental analysis verified near-stoichiometric composition, demonstrating effective precursor incorporation during synthesis. Optical characterization using UV–visible spectroscopy showed notable band gap variations as a function of precursor concentration, highlighting tunability in the range relevant for optoelectronic and sensing applications. Raman spectroscopy further confirmed phase formation and structural integrity, minimizing ambiguity from secondary phases. The combined results demonstrate that controlled precursor engineering significantly influences the structural and optical response of CZT nanoparticles. Compared to conventional oxide-based sensing materials, CZT offers the advantages of adjustable band gap, high surface activity, and compositional flexibility. The present study establishes a reproducible synthesis–structure–property relationship for CZT nanomaterials and identifies their strong potential as active layers in chemical and optoelectronic sensor devices. This work provides a foundation for future optimization of CZT-based Nanosensors through compositional tuning and surface functionalization.},
        keywords = {CZT nanoparticles, Chemical synthesis, XRD, SEM, UV–Visible spectroscopy, Sensors},
        month = {December},
        }