Copyright © 2026 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{189255,
        author = {Dr Yogesh Dagu Sonowane and Dr Mahendra Sukdeo Gaikwad},
        title = {A Comprehensive Study on Bhagandara (Fistula-in-Ano) in Ayurveda: Types, Management, and Clinical Perspectives},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {7},
        pages = {5235-5237},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=189255},
        abstract = {Bhagandara (Fistula-in-Ano) is a chronic anorectal disorder described in Ayurveda among the Ashta Mahagada (eight major diseases) due to its recurrent nature, therapeutic complexity, and significant impact on quality of life (Sharma, 2018) [1]. Classical Ayurvedic literature offers a detailed classification of Bhagandara based on Dosha predominance and morphological characteristics, clearly distinguishing it from uncomplicated perianal abscesses (Abhagandari Pidaka) (Sushruta Samhita, Nidana Sthana 4) [2].
The present review aims to elucidate the classical typology, Samprapti (pathogenesis), and comprehensive Ayurvedic management of Bhagandara, with special emphasis on para-surgical interventions particularly Kshara Sutra therapy. An integrative therapeutic approach combining stage-specific procedures, internal medications, and lifestyle regulation is highlighted as an effective model with low recurrence and sphincter preservation (Tripathi et al., 2020) [3]. Classical references are correlated with contemporary clinical evidence to substantiate the scientific relevance of Ayurvedic management in fistula-in-ano.},
        keywords = {Bhagandara, Fistula-in-Ano, Kshara Sutra, Agnikarma, Ashta Mahagada, Para-surgical procedures},
        month = {December},
        }