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@article{189508,
        author = {SIDDHESHWAR WANVE and SUSHMA GHADIGAONKAR and SUSHANT SOLE and SONALI JONDHALE and RUSHIKESH PATIL and RHUSHIKESH PINGALE},
        title = {EXPLORING ANIMAL-ORIGIN DRUGS IN MODERN PHARMACOLOGY: A REVIEW},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {7},
        pages = {7655-7666},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=189508},
        abstract = {Animal-origin pharmacological agents continue to influence modern drug development, shifting from empirical traditional use to highly characterised therapeutic molecules. Bioactive constituents derived from various animal taxa ranging from snakes and marine invertebrates to insects and mammals have inspired several notable pharmaceuticals. Advances in proteomics, molecular engineering, and in silico modelling now enable these compounds to be optimised and produced through recombinant or synthetic systems, reducing reliance on direct animal sourcing. Due to their structural diversity and significant target selectivity, animal-derived molecules remain essential in managing pain, cardiovascular disorders, endocrine dysfunctions, and immune-mediated diseases. In veterinary medicine, preparations like colostrum, eCG, and oxytocin maintain substantial clinical value, and antiserum-based interventions continue to support zoonotic disease control within the One Health framework. This review summarises the historical development, pharmacological features, therapeutic uses, and ethical concerns related to animal-origin drugs, and highlights emerging biotechnological methods aimed at improving sustainability and safety.},
        keywords = {},
        month = {December},
        }