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@article{190353,
        author = {SUMIT RANA and Sakshi Malik and Dr. Sapna Deshwal and Dr. Himanshu Sharma},
        title = {Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles for Environmental Applications: Recent Advances, Mechanistic Understanding, and Future Perspectives},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {8},
        pages = {3617-3624},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=190353},
        abstract = {The increasing burden of environmental pollution has intensified the search for sustainable and efficient remediation technologies capable of addressing complex contaminants in water, air, and soil systems. In this context, green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a transformative approach that combines the advantages of nanotechnology with the principles of green chemistry and environmental sustainability. Unlike conventional physicochemical synthesis routes that rely on toxic reagents and energy-intensive conditions, green synthesis exploits biological resources such as plant extracts, microorganisms, and biopolymers to produce functional nanomaterials under mild and eco-friendly conditions. This review presents a comprehensive and critical assessment of recent advances (2020–2025) in the green synthesis of nanoparticles for environmental applications, with particular emphasis on mechanistic insights, synthesis–structure–property relationships, and practical remediation performance. Various biological synthesis strategies are systematically discussed, highlighting the roles of phytochemicals, enzymes, and natural polymers in nanoparticle nucleation, growth, and stabilization. The environmental applications of green-synthesized nanoparticles—including wastewater treatment, heavy metal sequestration, photocatalytic degradation of persistent organic pollutants, air purification, and antimicrobial remediation—are critically evaluated with respect to efficiency, reusability, and sustainability.},
        keywords = {Green synthesis; Nanoparticles; Environmental remediation; Sustainable nanotechnology; Biogenic nanomaterials},
        month = {January},
        }