Copyright © 2026 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{190577,
        author = {Tanushri R Borokar and Vijay M. Waghulkar and Dr Monika P Jadhav and S G Jawarkar},
        title = {IMPACT OF MATERNAL DRUG EXPOSURE ON EMBROYNIC AND FETAL GROWTH},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {8},
        pages = {5809-5817},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=190577},
        abstract = {Maternal drug exposure during pregnancy remains a major global concern due to its potential effects on embryonic development and fetal growth. Medications taken intentionally for maternal health, as well as inadvertent exposures, may interfere with organogenesis, placental function, and fetal growth trajectories. Understanding the extent, mechanisms, and clinical relevance of these risks is essential for safer pharmacotherapy in pregnancy.
Teratogenicity refers to structural or functional abnormalities in a developing fetus resulting from maternal exposure to certain drugs, chemicals, or environmental agents. Drug-induced teratogenic effects remain a significant public health concern, as many women require pharmacotherapy during pregnancy for acute or chronic conditions. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of teratogenic mechanisms, including interference with cell proliferation, disruption of signaling pathways, oxidative stress, folate antagonism, endocrine imbalance, and placental transfer patterns.},
        keywords = {Maternal drug exposure, teratogenicity, embryonic development, fetal growth, pregnancy safety, congenital anomalies},
        month = {January},
        }