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@article{190657,
        author = {Kirti Maurya and G.N. Singh and C.M Tiwari and Sandeep Kumar Tiwari},
        title = {Characterization and Geophysical Implications of Geomagnetic Storms in Solar Cycle 25},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {8},
        pages = {3465-3468},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=190657},
        abstract = {Solar Cycle 25 (SC25), which began in late 2019, has demonstrated greater solar activity and geo-effectiveness compared to its predecessor. Geomagnetic storms are massive disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere generated by solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) changes, which pose considerable dangers to space and ground-based systems. This research analyzes SC25 geomagnetic storms using both observational datasets and simulated models. The results show that the association between solar wind speed, IMF Bz, and Dst index is still the best predictor of storm strength. We also discuss the evolution of CME frequency, storm intensity distribution, and the consequences for technological systems. The findings highlight the growing importance of space weather prediction models that use heliospheric imaging and machine learning.},
        keywords = {Geomagnetic Storm, Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Solar Activity, Coronal Mass Ejections},
        month = {January},
        }