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@article{190840,
        author = {Dinesh Karthick K and Saran T and Dayanand E and Vimal Raj P},
        title = {Systematic Analysis of Neem Seed Extraction Machinery: Design, Performance, and Applications},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {8},
        pages = {5233-5249},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=190840},
        abstract = {In the current review, the development of mechanical mechanisms of extracting neem seed oil is critically discussed. Starting with manual presses the story continues with the introduction of automated hydraulic and screw-based presses, giving special attention to mechanical pressing, seed pre-conditioning and filtration measures that can yield as much as 57%. Hydraulic presses are emphasized as a cheap solution to small-holder farmers, but expeller systems, though faced with solvent sometimes-by-products and requiring more capital, show better business ability. The application ranges its applications to on-farm treatment, biopesticides of biochemical nature that are more sustainable than synthetic chemical ones, the assistance of the creation of medicines, and the production of biofuels are also discussed systematically. The main identified challenges are photodegradation which reduces the efficacy of the neem oil, the challenge of analysing a product, the mechanical challenges posed by the abrasiveness of the neem seeds, and the initial high cost of the product to rural users. Future research options are also presented, which recommend extraction assisted with ultrasound and microwave, real-time optimisation by incorporating AI and IoT, the use of blockchain to track, and the use of non-conventional solvents, including deep-electrolytic solvents (DES). An integrated paradigm based on low-cost and solar-powered presses with ultrasonic and internet technologies is predicted to make small farms more efficient by 2030-35, minimize material waste, and enable building circular economies in the Global South.},
        keywords = {Agricultural sustainability, Azadirachtin, Biopesticides, IoT, Mechanical press, Neem oil.},
        month = {January},
        }