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@article{190848,
        author = {Ms. Rhutu Dakhole and Dr Ajay Vikram Singh},
        title = {Comparative Clinical Analysis of Hemodynamic Variations in Elderly Patients Under General and Spinal Anaesthesia},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {8},
        pages = {5185-5190},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=190848},
        abstract = {Background: Older patients (65 years and above) who undergo surgical operations have an increased risk of hemodynamic instability because of age-related changes in the cardiovascular system, including low cardiac reserve, poor autonomic regulation, and low baroreceptor sensitivity. Anaesthesia (general or spinal) is an important factor with respect to intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic parameters. These differences are important to understand and optimise perioperative care to reduce complications.
Purpose: To compare the differences in hemodynamics between elderly patients receiving elective surgery with general anaesthesia (GA) and spinal anaesthesia (SA).
Methods: A prospective comparative study was done using [sample size] elderly patients who were on elective surgeries. A total of 2 groups of patients were created: GA (Group A) and SA (Group B). The baseline, intraoperative, and immediate postoperative measurements involved heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and oxygen saturation (SpO 2). Analysis was done statistically with the Student t-test, and p < 0.05 has been taken as significant.
Findings: SA was related to constant HR and mild, controllable hypotension in the first intraoperative phase. There were more changes in BP and HR in GA, but they were corrected by anaesthetic changes. In general, SA offered a moderate improvement in hemodynamic stability.
Conclusion: Spinal anaesthesia will provide better control of heart rate but will lead to temporary hypotension, whilst general anaesthesia will lead to greater hemodynamic changes. Personalised anaesthetic planning is crucial with elderly patients.},
        keywords = {Elderly patients, Hemodynamic variations, General anaesthesia, Spinal anaesthesia, Perioperative management},
        month = {January},
        }