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@article{192769,
        author = {Dr Arshid Rafiq and Dr Gulshan zehra and Dr summena Altaf and DT Rutba Maqbool and Summairah mushtaq},
        title = {diet therapy in gestational diabetes mellitus; Evidance based approach and clinical implication},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {9},
        pages = {2359-2362},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=192769},
        abstract = {Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is universally recommended as first line management.
Objective: To critically evaluate current evidence regarding dietary interventions in GDM and examine their impact on glycemic control, maternal outcomes, and neonatal health.
Methods: A comprehensive narrative review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, meta-analyses, and international clinical guidelines published over the past two decades was conducted. Emphasis was placed on macronutrient distribution, glycemic index based approaches, caloric management, dietary patterns, and maternal fetal outcomes.
Results: Evidence supports individualized nutrition therapy emphasizing moderate carbohydrate restriction (35–45% of total energy), low glycemic index foods, adequate protein intake (15–20%), healthy fat composition, and structured meal distribution. Dietary interventions significantly reduce postprandial glucose excursions, decrease insulin requirements, and lower rates of macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. Mediterranean style and DASH based dietary patterns show promising results but require further large scale trials.
Conclusion: Diet therapy remains the cornerstone of GDM management. Individualized, culturally appropriate nutrition plans improve short term maternal and neonatal outcomes. Future research should focus on standardized protocols and long term metabolic follow up in offspring.},
        keywords = {Gestational diabetes mellitus, medical nutrition therapy, pregnancy nutrition, glycemic index, carbohydrate restriction, maternal health.},
        month = {February},
        }