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@article{193154,
        author = {PNDR Harshitha and Prabhakar Singh},
        title = {Synergistic Effects of Copper Supplementation and Magnetic Field Exposure on Earthworm Regeneration},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {9},
        pages = {4216-4223},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=193154},
        abstract = {Earthworms play a major role in soil functions that help many beneficial ecosystem services. These are important for agroecosystem sustainability. Unfortunately, these services can be damaged by intensive cultural practices like use of pesticides. Earthworm populations are essential decomposers, that contribute to formation of aggregates and nutrient cycling. These involve processes like nitrogen cycles, carbon and phosphorus. These have the ability to influence soil fertility as they contribute to soil structure regulation and organic matter dynamics. They also influence the microbial communities by digestion, stimulation and dispersion in casts. Changes in the earthworm communities are indicators of soil fertility and quality. It is important to understand how earthworm populations affect soil dynamics. Earthworms have an extraordinary capability to regenerate their lost body parts through steps such as: wound healing, dedifferentiation, blastema formation and tissue differentiation. These significant properties make them ideal for studying regenerative biology. It is modulated by both biochemical and biophysical factors. Copper is an essential trace element that serves as a cofactor in several enzyme reactions such as oxidative stress, collagen stabilization, cellular proliferation, angiogenesis and tissue repair. Elevated copper concentrations result in cytotoxic responses implying the need for precise dosage levels. In addition to copper, magnetic exposure is also shown to influence cell behaviour like proliferation, signalling and oxidative balance in invertebrates and mammalian systems. This review examines the effects of copper supplementation and magnetic field exposure on regeneration of earthworms. These provide insights into wound healing and cellular dynamics. However, major research gaps persist, including the lack of standardized experimental protocols, low molecular level analyses and insufficient data on long-term ecological impacts of copper accumulation in soil. A deep understanding of these synergistic mechanisms may help in better understanding of regenerative biology and translational medicine},
        keywords = {Angiogenesis, Earthworms, Magnetic fields, Regeneration, Toxicity, Wound healing.},
        month = {February},
        }