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@article{193641,
        author = {Oyibo Muazu and Shehu Suraju and Aduojo Atakpa and Okoro Felix Chimeremma and Stephen Nduke and Ekeanyanwu Obinna Peter and Aminu Shuaibu and Stephen Chagudu Alkali},
        title = {Modeling of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Nsukka, Nigeria Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {10},
        pages = {2525-2535},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=193641},
        abstract = {This study aimed to model LULC changes within the Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State. The objectives included analyzing the diverse LULC types in Nsukka from 1990 to 2020, assessing the extent of these changes over the same period, and predicting future LULC patterns for 2030 and 2100. The methodology involved a reconnaissance survey and the utilization of satellite imagery, specifically Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) for 1990, Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) for 2010, and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for 2020. LULC maps were generated through supervised classification, identifying four primary classes: farmland, vegetation, bare land, and built-up areas. Findings revealed a consistent increase in built-up areas from 1990 to 2020, accompanied by a corresponding decline in vegetation and bare land within the study area. Future LULC predictions for 2030, 2050, and 2100 further indicate a continued expansion of built-up areas. Specifically, the simulation results from the CA–Markov model projected an increase in built-up area from 226.6 km² in 2020 to approximately 241.2 km² by 2030. The model further predicted that built-up areas would expand to approximately 310.4 km² by 2100, while other land uses are expected to continue decreasing in extent. These results underscore the urgent need for the urban planning and development authorities in Enugu State to adequately plan for the observed gradual urban growth. Proactive measures are essential within Nsukka Local Government Area and Enugu State to foster a better understanding of changing LULC patterns, thereby enabling more effective management of associated environmental challenges.},
        keywords = {Land Use and Land Cover, Urbanization, Deforestation, CA Markov Model},
        month = {March},
        }