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@article{195168,
        author = {MATHURA MURALIDHARAN and MOHANAPRIYA AYYASAMY and MONICA BERNARD NOEL and MONISHA SENJI  ELUMALAI and LARSHANA NARAYANAN and MAHESHWARI BARATHAN and MARY R JERSIYA and MATHURA MUTHUKRISHNAN},
        title = {OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ITS MARKERS IN PATHOGENESIS AND DIAGNOSIS OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {10},
        pages = {6912-6920},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=195168},
        abstract = {Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) — including oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), and oral lichen planus (OLP) — are chronic mucosal lesions carrying substantial risk of progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).1,2 Oxidative stress, arising when reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceed antioxidant defence capacity, plays a pivotal role in OPMD initiation and progression by inducing lipid peroxidation, DNA injury, and protein modification.3,4
Objectives: To summarise current evidence on oxidative stress mechanisms, key markers, and their clinical utility in the diagnosis and prognosis of OPMDs.
Methods: A narrative review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted. Thirty high-quality references spanning systematic reviews, cohort studies, and experimental investigations were included.
Results: Patients with OPMDs consistently demonstrate elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), alongside reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).5,6 These changes correlate with degree of dysplasia and malignant transformation risk.7,8
Conclusion: Oxidative stress markers — measurable non-invasively in saliva — are valuable adjunct tools for early detection, risk stratification, and monitoring of OPMDs. Integration of antioxidant biomarker assessment into clinical practice may improve patient outcomes.},
        keywords = {Oral potentially malignant disorders; oxidative stress; malondialdehyde; reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; saliva; oral leukoplakia; oral submucous fibrosis; oral lichen planus},
        month = {March},
        }