Copyright © 2026 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{195218,
        author = {Kiran Bala and Yajvinder Saharan},
        title = {Applications of Copper and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Ampicillin Antibiotic Removal from Wastewater},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {10},
        pages = {7619-7631},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=195218},
        abstract = {In the present study, copper oxide (CuO) and iron oxide (FeO) nanoparticles were employed as adsorbent materials for the removal of ampicillin from aqueous solutions. Experimental observations indicated that both nanoparticles exhibited significant adsorption potential toward ampicillin. The maximum adsorption capacities were calculated as 126.6 mg/g for copper oxide nanoparticles and 129.9 mg/g for iron oxide nanoparticles. Equilibrium analysis revealed that the adsorption behavior was best represented by the Freundlich isotherm model, suggesting multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. Kinetic investigations further indicated that the adsorption process is mainly controlled by a chemisorption mechanism. The removal of ampicillin is likely governed by several interactions, including surface complexation, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between the adsorbent surface and antibiotic molecules. Thermodynamic evaluation demonstrated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable. In addition, both CuO and FeO nanoparticles showed satisfactory regeneration ability, maintaining considerable adsorption efficiency for up to three successive reuse cycles.},
        keywords = {Antibiotics, copper oxide NPs, iron oxide NPs, synthesis and characterization, adorption studies.},
        month = {March},
        }