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@article{197093,
        author = {Pa. Dhanushika and V. Mithra and A. Manimegalai and Dr. M. SARAVANAN and K.DURGADEVI},
        title = {IoT-Enabled Smart Monitoring and Protection System for HVDC Transmission},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {11},
        pages = {5783-5786},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=197093},
        abstract = {High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission has emerged as an efficient solution for long-distance power transfer due to its reduced losses and improved system stability compared to conventional AC systems. However, real-time monitoring and protection remain critical challenges in ensuring reliable operation. This paper presents the design and implementation of a compact IoT-based smart monitoring and protection system for an HVDC power feeding prototype. The proposed system utilizes an Arduino Uno microcontroller integrated with voltage, current, temperature, humidity, and gas sensors for continuous parameter monitoring. An ESP32 module enables real-time wireless data transmission to remote platforms. The system incorporates a relay-based protection mechanism that automatically disconnects the load under abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, overcurrent, excessive temperature, and gas leakage. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system provides improved reliability, rapid fault response, and efficient monitoring, making it suitable for modern smart grid and industrial applications.},
        keywords = {High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC), IoT-Based Monitoring, Arduino Uno, ESP32, Smart Power System, Voltage and Current Sensing, Fault Detection, Relay Protection, Real-Time Monitori.},
        month = {April},
        }