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@article{205237,
        author = {Mr. Amit Anil Jawadwar and Dr. Kavaljit Satish Birajdar and Mr. Dasrao Ashok Patil},
        title = {A Review: Formulation and Evaluation of Norfloxacin In Situ Ophthalmic Gel},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {1},
        pages = {6125-6129},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=205237},
        abstract = {Conventional ophthalmic solutions suffer from rapid pre-corneal elimination, resulting in poor bioavailability and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. In situ gel-forming systems represent a promising alternative, transitioning from a liquid to a gel phase upon instillation into the conjunctival cul-de-sac in response to physiological stimuli such as pH, temperature, or ionic strength. This review describes the formulation and evaluation of an ophthalmic in situ gelling system loaded with Norfloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, intended for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, and blepharitis. Carbopol 940 was employed as the pH-sensitive gelling agent in combination with HPMC K15M as a viscosity enhancer. Five formulations (F1–F5) were prepared and evaluated for physicochemical parameters including clarity, pH, gelling capacity, viscosity, drug content, in vitro drug diffusion, antibacterial activity, and accelerated stability. Formulation F5 demonstrated optimal performance, achieving 81.43% drug release over 8 hours with a sustained release profile. FTIR and DSC analyses confirmed absence of drug–excipient interactions. Stability studies under ICH guidelines confirmed robustness of the optimized formulation. The developed system offers enhanced ocular retention and controlled drug release compared to conventional eye drops.},
        keywords = {In situ gel, Norfloxacin, Carbopol 940, HPMC K15M, Ocular drug delivery, pH-triggered gelation, Antibacterial.},
        month = {June},
        }