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@article{205855,
        author = {Shreya Kawle and Pranav Shirole and Ruchir Shukla},
        title = {Sound Source Localizer},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {1},
        pages = {8234-8240},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=205855},
        abstract = {This paper details the design and implementation of a low-cost, portable acoustic source localization system utilizing a distributed network of two ESP32 microcontrollers and an 8-microphone array arranged in a 3x3 grid geometry, centered around an ESP32-CAM unit. The array employs eight INMP441 digital microphones, leveraging the two I2S interfaces on each ESP32 using time multiplexing for simultaneous data acquisi-tion. The system is designed as a handheld device, powered by Lithium-ion batteries, where the ESP32 units stream raw, synchronized acoustic data via socket streams to an external computing platform (laptop). Source localization is achieved by calculating the Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) between mi-crophone pairs using the Generalized Cross-Correlation (GCC) method. The resulting spatial sound energy distribution is visual-ized as a heatmap, which is accurately overlaid onto the real-time video feed provided by the central ESP32-CAM, thereby creating an acoustic image. This work validates a methodology for devel-oping real-time, spatially-aware acoustic imaging on resource-constrained embedded hardware by offloading computationally intensive tasks, such as beamforming and correlation, to a host processor.},
        keywords = {},
        month = {June},
        }